How much current does a short circuit typically draw?

A short circuit occurs when an unintended path is created for electrical current, allowing it to flow with little to no resistance. This typically results in an extremely high current draw because the circuit bypasses the normal load that would usually limit the current flow.

In ideal conditions, where resistance approaches zero, the current theoretically approaches infinity. However, in real-world scenarios, there will always be some resistance and limitations imposed by the power source or circuit components, which can prevent literally infinite current, but it will still be significantly higher than normal operational currents, often measured in hundreds or thousands of amperes, depending on the system.

Understanding this helps grasp the concepts of circuit protection, as devices such as circuit breakers and fuses are designed to interrupt the circuit when excessive current is detected, preventing potential damage or fire hazards associated with short circuits.